{"id":302,"date":"2026-04-09T03:18:18","date_gmt":"2026-04-09T03:18:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.nirmansutra.com\/english\/?p=302"},"modified":"2026-04-11T11:51:28","modified_gmt":"2026-04-11T11:51:28","slug":"home-construction-process-in-nepal","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.nirmansutra.com\/english\/home-construction-process-in-nepal\/","title":{"rendered":"Home Construction Process in Nepal Part 2: From Structural Design to deadly Superstructure"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_1 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-light-blue ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.nirmansutra.com\/english\/home-construction-process-in-nepal\/#Home_Construction_Process_in_Nepal-_Part_2\" >Home Construction Process in Nepal- Part 2<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-2' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.nirmansutra.com\/english\/home-construction-process-in-nepal\/#In_this_episode_home_construction_process_in_Nepal_Part_2_of_16_steps\" >In this episode home construction process in Nepal (Part 2 of 16 steps):<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.nirmansutra.com\/english\/home-construction-process-in-nepal\/#Step_5_Structural_Design_Engineering_Including_MEP\" >Step 5: Structural Design &amp; Engineering (Including MEP)<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.nirmansutra.com\/english\/home-construction-process-in-nepal\/#Babus_Technical_Checklist\" >Babu\u2019s Technical Checklist<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.nirmansutra.com\/english\/home-construction-process-in-nepal\/#Contractor_Kakas_Reality_Check\" >Contractor Kaka\u2019s Reality Check<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.nirmansutra.com\/english\/home-construction-process-in-nepal\/#Babus_Note_%E2%80%9CFreeze_the_Design%E2%80%9D\" >Babu\u2019s Note: \u201cFreeze the Design\u201d<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.nirmansutra.com\/english\/home-construction-process-in-nepal\/#Step_6_Site_Preparation_Excavation\" >Step 6: Site Preparation &amp; Excavation<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.nirmansutra.com\/english\/home-construction-process-in-nepal\/#Practical_Process\" >Practical Process<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.nirmansutra.com\/english\/home-construction-process-in-nepal\/#Kakas_Warning\" >Kaka\u2019s Warning<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.nirmansutra.com\/english\/home-construction-process-in-nepal\/#Babus_Technical_Tip\" >Babu\u2019s Technical Tip<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.nirmansutra.com\/english\/home-construction-process-in-nepal\/#Step_7_Foundation_Construction\" >Step 7: Foundation Construction<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.nirmansutra.com\/english\/home-construction-process-in-nepal\/#Kakas_26-Year_Experience\" >Kaka\u2019s 26-Year Experience<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.nirmansutra.com\/english\/home-construction-process-in-nepal\/#Step_8_Superstructure_Column_Beam_Slab\" >Step 8: Superstructure (Column, Beam &amp; Slab)<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.nirmansutra.com\/english\/home-construction-process-in-nepal\/#Column_Beam_Work\" >Column &amp; Beam Work<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.nirmansutra.com\/english\/home-construction-process-in-nepal\/#Formwork\" >Formwork<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.nirmansutra.com\/english\/home-construction-process-in-nepal\/#Concrete\" >Concrete<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.nirmansutra.com\/english\/home-construction-process-in-nepal\/#Slab_Casting\" >Slab Casting<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.nirmansutra.com\/english\/home-construction-process-in-nepal\/#Curing\" >Curing<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.nirmansutra.com\/english\/home-construction-process-in-nepal\/#Kakas_Site_Truth\" >Kaka\u2019s Site Truth<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.nirmansutra.com\/english\/home-construction-process-in-nepal\/#Babus_Note_RMC_vs_Site_Mix\" >Babu\u2019s Note: RMC vs Site Mix<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.nirmansutra.com\/english\/home-construction-process-in-nepal\/#Common_Mistakes_Avoid_These\" >Common Mistakes (Avoid These)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.nirmansutra.com\/english\/home-construction-process-in-nepal\/#2026_Cost_Example_1500_sqft_house\" >2026 Cost Example (1500 sq.ft house)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.nirmansutra.com\/english\/home-construction-process-in-nepal\/#FAQ\" >FAQ<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-24\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.nirmansutra.com\/english\/home-construction-process-in-nepal\/#1_Is_a_structural_engineer_mandatory\" >1. Is a structural engineer mandatory?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-25\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.nirmansutra.com\/english\/home-construction-process-in-nepal\/#2_Why_use_chairs_in_foundation\" >2. Why use chairs in foundation?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-26\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.nirmansutra.com\/english\/home-construction-process-in-nepal\/#3_How_long_should_curing_be_done\" >3. How long should curing be done?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-27\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.nirmansutra.com\/english\/home-construction-process-in-nepal\/#Conclusion_Design_Execution_Strength\" >Conclusion: Design + Execution = Strength<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-28\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.nirmansutra.com\/english\/home-construction-process-in-nepal\/#Call_to_Action\" >Call to Action<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Home_Construction_Process_in_Nepal-_Part_2\"><\/span>Home Construction Process in Nepal- Part 2<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>It\u2019s a hot afternoon on site. Contractor Kaka is guiding the workers as they tie reinforcement bars. Engineer Babu walks in, holding the structural drawings.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Babu says:<\/strong><br>\u201cKaka, yesterday we completed the first 4 steps (Planning). Today we move ahead with House Construction Process 2026 \u2013 Steps 5 to 8. I\u2019ll explain the technical side, and you show the real site work, mistakes, and correct methods.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kaka lights a cigarette and replies:<br>\u201cBabu, now planning is done \u2014 real construction begins. If structural design is weak, the house won\u2019t survive an earthquake. Today I\u2019ll show you how things actually work on site &#8211; from 26 years of experience. Without proper ductile detailing as per NBC 105:2025, no structure is truly strong. Let\u2019s start.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"538\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.nirmansutra.com\/english\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/\u0918\u0930-\u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923-\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e-\u0968\u0966\u0968\u096c-1024x538.png\" alt=\"home construction process in Nepal\" class=\"wp-image-303\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.nirmansutra.com\/english\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/\u0918\u0930-\u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923-\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e-\u0968\u0966\u0968\u096c-1024x538.png 1024w, https:\/\/blog.nirmansutra.com\/english\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/\u0918\u0930-\u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923-\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e-\u0968\u0966\u0968\u096c-300x158.png 300w, https:\/\/blog.nirmansutra.com\/english\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/\u0918\u0930-\u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923-\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e-\u0968\u0966\u0968\u096c-768x403.png 768w, https:\/\/blog.nirmansutra.com\/english\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/\u0918\u0930-\u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923-\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e-\u0968\u0966\u0968\u096c.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_this_episode_home_construction_process_in_Nepal_Part_2_of_16_steps\"><\/span>In this episode home construction process in Nepal (Part 2 of 16 steps):<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Step 5: Structural Design &amp; Engineering (with MEP Planning)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Step 6: Site Preparation &amp; Excavation<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Step 7: Foundation Construction<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Step 8: Superstructure \u2013 Column, Beam &amp; Slab<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Engineer Babu explains technical planning based on NBC\/IS codes, while Contractor Kaka shares practical site knowledge \u2014 reinforcement, concreting, curing, and real mistakes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Step_5_Structural_Design_Engineering_Including_MEP\"><\/span>Step 5: Structural Design &amp; Engineering (Including MEP)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Architectural drawings decide how the house looks.<br>Structural design decides how strong it is.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Engineer Babu spreads a large blue structural drawing. Kaka adjusts his glasses and studies the bar detailing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Babu explains:<\/strong><br>\u201cThis step is about creating the skeleton of the house. A licensed structural engineer calculates loads and earthquake resistance as per NBC 105:2025.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Babus_Technical_Checklist\"><\/span>Babu\u2019s Technical Checklist<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1. Load Calculation<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Dead Load (self weight)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Live Load (people, furniture)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Seismic Load (earthquake force)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2. Earthquake-Resistant Design<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Ductile Detailing:<\/strong> bars are bent and tied to absorb shock<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Lap Length:<\/strong> minimum 40d\u201360d overlap<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Material:<\/strong> Fe500D steel + M20\/M25 concrete<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>3. MEP Planning<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Electrical conduit layout<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Plumbing slope (1:40 to 1:60)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Solar system provision (2026 standard)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Contractor_Kakas_Reality_Check\"><\/span>Contractor Kaka\u2019s Reality Check<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cEven if the drawing is perfect, mistakes in bar tying will ruin everything.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Weak joints \u2192 first failure in earthquake<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Always add <strong>extra stirrups at joints<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Use proper <strong>concrete cover blocks (not stones)<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Use <strong>chairs<\/strong> for double mesh<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Babus_Note_%E2%80%9CFreeze_the_Design%E2%80%9D\"><\/span>Babu\u2019s Note: \u201cFreeze the Design\u201d<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Once finalized, <strong>do not change layout on site<\/strong>.<br>Random changes = unsafe structure + code violation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"748\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.nirmansutra.com\/english\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/home-construction-process-748x1024.jpg\" alt=\"home construction process in nepal\" class=\"wp-image-305\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.nirmansutra.com\/english\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/home-construction-process-748x1024.jpg 748w, https:\/\/blog.nirmansutra.com\/english\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/home-construction-process-219x300.jpg 219w, https:\/\/blog.nirmansutra.com\/english\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/home-construction-process-768x1051.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blog.nirmansutra.com\/english\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/home-construction-process.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 748px) 100vw, 748px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Step_6_Site_Preparation_Excavation\"><\/span>Step 6: Site Preparation &amp; Excavation<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Planning is done. Now ground work begins.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kaka marks the site using lime and measuring tape. Babu checks alignment digitally.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Kaka says:<\/strong><br>\u201cStarting excavation without proper layout is like jumping in the dark.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Practical_Process\"><\/span>Practical Process<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Cleaning<\/strong> \u2013 Remove topsoil (15\u201330 cm)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Center Line Marking<\/strong> \u2013 Mark columns precisely<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Excavation<\/strong> \u2013 Depth: 1.2m to 3m<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Shoring<\/strong> \u2013 Support loose soil<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Leveling with Batter Boards<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Kakas_Warning\"><\/span>Kaka\u2019s Warning<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cOne inch mistake can cost lakhs.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>He shares a real case:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>A 1 ft marking error led to a column inside the neighbor\u2019s land \u2192 Rs. 2 lakh loss.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Babus_Technical_Tip\"><\/span>Babu\u2019s Technical Tip<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Never pour concrete on muddy surface<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Use dewatering if groundwater appears<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Follow NBC depth &amp; width strictly<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Step_7_Foundation_Construction\"><\/span>Step 7: Foundation Construction<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Now the roots of the house are built.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kaka personally supervises reinforcement. Babu checks column alignment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Kaka says:<\/strong><br>\u201cThe life of the house depends on the foundation. People spend lakhs on finishing but compromise here.\u201dFoundation Steps<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1. Compaction<\/strong><br>Tighten soil using rammer<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2. Soling (Must-do layer)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>150\u2013225 mm stone\/brick layer<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Distributes load + blocks moisture<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>3. PCC Base (M10)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>50\u201375 mm thick<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Creates working platform<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>4. Reinforcement<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Hooks (90\u00b0 bend) for anchorage<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>50 mm cover using spacers<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Chairs for double mesh<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>5. Concrete Pouring<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Use M20\/M25<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Use vibrator (avoid air gaps)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>6. Curing &amp; Protection<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>7\u201314 days curing<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Anti-termite + waterproofing<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Kakas_26-Year_Experience\"><\/span>Kaka\u2019s 26-Year Experience<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>No hooks \u2192 bars slip<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>No cover \u2192 rust starts in 2 years<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Weak binding \u2192 mesh moves during pouring<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Step_8_Superstructure_Column_Beam_Slab\"><\/span>Step 8: Superstructure (Column, Beam &amp; Slab)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Now the structure rises above ground.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kaka stands on shuttering, checking levels. Babu measures reinforcement spacing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Column_Beam_Work\"><\/span>Column &amp; Beam Work<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Minimum 8 vertical bars in columns<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Stirrup spacing: 100\u2013150 mm<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Closer spacing at joints<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Most critical area = <strong>beam-column joint<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Formwork\"><\/span>Formwork<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Must be straight (check with plumb)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Poor fixing = leakage + honeycombing<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Concrete\"><\/span>Concrete<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Use vibrator<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Never add extra water<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Slab_Casting\"><\/span>Slab Casting<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Strong shuttering support<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Double mesh with chairs<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Check electrical\/plumbing before casting<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Curing\"><\/span>Curing<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>14\u201321 days (Water ponding method)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Kakas_Site_Truth\"><\/span>Kaka\u2019s Site Truth<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Don\u2019t remove formwork early (minimum 14\u201321 days)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Don\u2019t load slab early \u2192 causes sagging<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Poor curing \u2192 cracks like spider web<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Babus_Note_RMC_vs_Site_Mix\"><\/span>Babu\u2019s Note: RMC vs Site Mix<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Type<\/th><th>Advantage<\/th><th>Risk<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>RMC<\/td><td>Uniform quality<\/td><td>Higher cost<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Site Mix<\/td><td>Cheaper<\/td><td>Human error<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p> For bigger spans or multi-storey \u2192 <strong>use RMC<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Common_Mistakes_Avoid_These\"><\/span>Common Mistakes (Avoid These)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>No ductile detailing \u2192 earthquake risk<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>No cover\/chair \u2192 corrosion<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>No curing \u2192 cracks<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Early formwork removal \u2192 collapse risk<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2026_Cost_Example_1500_sqft_house\"><\/span>2026 Cost Example (1500 sq.ft house)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Structural Design: Rs. 1.5\u20132.5 lakh<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Excavation + Foundation: Rs. 8\u201312 lakh<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Superstructure: Rs. 15\u201320 lakh<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"FAQ\"><\/span>FAQ<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n<div id=\"rank-math-faq\" class=\"rank-math-block\">\n<div class=\"rank-math-list \">\n<div id=\"faq-question-1775698570529\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Is_a_structural_engineer_mandatory\"><\/span><strong>1. Is a structural engineer mandatory?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Yes. As per NBC 105:2025, it is compulsory.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1775698609698\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Why_use_chairs_in_foundation\"><\/span><strong>2. Why use chairs in foundation?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>To maintain spacing between reinforcement layers.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1775698626299\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_How_long_should_curing_be_done\"><\/span><strong>3. How long should curing be done?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Minimum 14 days (best: water ponding).<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Conclusion_Design_Execution_Strength\"><\/span>Conclusion: Design + Execution = Strength<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Kaka:<\/strong><br>\u201c60% of house strength is decided in Steps 5-8.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Babu:<\/strong><br><strong><em>\u201cGood design gives safety. Proper construction gives life.\u201d<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Call_to_Action\"><\/span>Call to Action<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Use <a href=\"https:\/\/tools.nirmansutra.com\/bar-bending-schedule-calculator\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Footing &amp; BBS Calculator<\/a> on your tools site<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Get <a href=\"http:\/\/pro.nirmansutra.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">full Structural BOQ at Rs. 999<\/a> (WhatsApp)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>For Part 1 <a href=\"https:\/\/blog.nirmansutra.com\/english\/home-construction-process-nepal-1\/\">Home Construction Process in Nepal Part 1: From Land Selection to Design with Legal Advice &#8211; Nirman Sutra<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Subscribe for Part 3 (Steps 9\u201312: Masonry to Finishing)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n    <div class=\"xs_social_share_widget xs_share_url after_content \t\tmain_content  wslu-style-1 wslu-share-box-shaped wslu-fill-colored wslu-none wslu-share-horizontal wslu-theme-font-no wslu-main_content\">\n\n\t\t\n        <ul>\n\t\t\t        <\/ul>\n    <\/div> \n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Home Construction Process in Nepal- Part 2 It\u2019s a hot afternoon on site. Contractor Kaka is guiding the workers as they tie reinforcement bars. Engineer Babu walks in, holding the structural drawings. Babu says:\u201cKaka, yesterday we completed the first 4 steps (Planning). Today we move ahead with House Construction Process 2026 \u2013 Steps 5 to &#8230; <a title=\"Home Construction Process in Nepal Part 2: From Structural Design to deadly Superstructure\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.nirmansutra.com\/english\/home-construction-process-in-nepal\/\" aria-label=\"Read more about Home Construction Process in Nepal Part 2: From Structural Design to deadly Superstructure\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":303,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4,8],"tags":[28,17,18,22],"class_list":["post-302","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-construction-tips","category-site-guide","tag-building-house","tag-construction-cost-2026","tag-house-construction-nepal","tag-nirman-sutra-pro"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.nirmansutra.com\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/302","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.nirmansutra.com\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.nirmansutra.com\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.nirmansutra.com\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.nirmansutra.com\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=302"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/blog.nirmansutra.com\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/302\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":306,"href":"https:\/\/blog.nirmansutra.com\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/302\/revisions\/306"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.nirmansutra.com\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/303"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.nirmansutra.com\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=302"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.nirmansutra.com\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=302"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.nirmansutra.com\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=302"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}